Protein Translocation

Protein Translocation: Tunnel Vision

Protein translocation across membranes.

Cellular membranes act as semipermeable barriers to ions and macromolecules. Specialized mechanisms of transport of proteins across membranes have been developed during evolution. There are common mechanistic themes among protein translocation systems in bacteria and in eukaryotic cells. Here we review current understanding of mechanisms of protein transport across the bacterial plasma membrane...

Protein Targeting and Translocation

Protein translocation across biological membranes.

Subcellular compartments have unique protein compositions, yet protein synthesis only occurs in the cytosol and in mitochondria and chloroplasts. How do proteins get where they need to go? The first steps are targeting to an organelle and efficient translocation across its limiting membrane. Given that most transport systems are exquisitely substrate specific, how are diverse protein sequences ...

Protein translocation: Rehearsing the ABCs

Signal-mediated translocation of proteins occurs across the membranes of several organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), peroxisomes, mitochondria and lysosomes. In some cases, signal-mediated translocation involves a well-characterized molecular machine — or translocon — such as the Sec61 complex in the ER. In parallel with these systems, several membranes also have members of th...